The model elements used during testing:
- A component is a part of the system that can be isolated for testing. A component can be an object, a group of objects, or one or more subsystems.
- A fault, also called bug or defect, is a design or coding mistake that may cause abnormal component behavior.
- An erroneous state is a manifestation of a fault during the execution of the system. An erroneous state is caused by one or more faults and can lead to a failure.
- A failure is a deviation between the specification and the actual behavior. A failure is triggered by one or more erroneous states. Not all erroneous states trigger a failure.
- A test case is a set of inputs and expected results that exercises a component with the purpose of causing failures and detecting faults.
- A test stub is the partial implementation of components on which the tested component depends. A test driver is a partial implementation of a component that depends on the tested components.
- A correction is a change to a component. The purpose of a correction is to repair a fault.
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